Ovarian cancer: Ovaries belongs to the woman’s reproductive system. They are located in the pelvis region. Ovaries are useful in producing female hormones like estrogen and progesterone. Ovaries play the main role in releasing the egg to the womb (uterus). Ovaries will stop producing eggs when woman goes through menopause by decreasing the hormone levels in the body.
Ovarian cancer occurs in the reproductive system cells, these cells are the building blocks of tissues and organs. Basically these cells grow and divide into multiple cells and they die when they grow, and new cells take their place. But due to some causes these basic life cycle of the cells gets damage and began to grow rapidly without any controlling limit. These cells form a huge mass of tissue which is called as tumor.
Ovarian tumors are of two types they are:
• Benign tumor: These tumors are not life threatening tumors. This cancer can be removed easily by surgery process. These tumors grow in single site. They do not spread and invade other tissues around them. The benign tumor cells doesn’t contain metastatic characteristics( spreading nature to other parts of the body)
• Malignant tumor: These tumors are cancerous tumors. They spread to other parts of the body. These tumors can be removed but sometimes they grow back. Malignant tumors invade nearby tissues and organs. These tumors contain metastatic characters.
Ovarian cancer has three main characteristics they are:
Invasion: malignant tumors invade other nearby tissues life fallopian tube and uterus.
Shed (Break off): Ovarian cancer cells can creak off from the ovarian tumor. Breaking into abdomen can cause gastrointestinal Cancer.
Spread: These cancer cells spread to lymph nodes of pelvis, chest and abdomen by lymphatic system. These cancer cells can also spread to organs like lungs and kidneys.
Invasion: malignant tumors invade other nearby tissues life fallopian tube and uterus.
Shed (Break off): Ovarian cancer cells can creak off from the ovarian tumor. Breaking into abdomen can cause gastrointestinal Cancer.
Spread: These cancer cells spread to lymph nodes of pelvis, chest and abdomen by lymphatic system. These cancer cells can also spread to organs like lungs and kidneys.
When the ovarian cancer cells spreads to the other parts will form a new tumor which has the same characteristic features of the primary tumor. For example, if the ovarian cancer spreads to the lungs, the cancer cells in the lungs are actually belonging to the ovarian cancer cells. Then this disease is called as metastatic ovarian cancer.
Causes of Ovarian cancer: The exact causes for this cancer are not found but the risk factors for this ovarian cancer are identified. Here is the list of risk factors.
Risk factors for ovarian cancer:
• No pregnancy: Lack of pregnancy in woman can have 2 to 3 times of higher risk in facing ovarian cancer that pregnant woman.
• Obesity: Woman who weight more than 50 pounds have 10 times of higher risk in facing ovarian cancer.
• Early puberty: Woman who faces early puberty before 12 years of age have more risk factors for ovarian cancer.
• Late menopause: Woman who goes for menopause after 50 years of age have more chances of causing ovarian cancer.
• Family history: Family history also can be factor in causing ovarian cancer. So please be sure in taking screening tests for diagnosing of ovarian cancer.
• High estrogen level: Women who intakes high level of unopposed estrogen will increase the risk factor of causing ovarian cancer
• Using of breast cancer drugs: Tamoxifen is a kind of anti-cancer drug mostly useful in curing breast cancer. If the usage of this drug is in excess mode, then there will be increase in chances of having ovarian cancer.
• Cancers like endometrial and colon increases the chances of having ovarian cancer.
• No pregnancy: Lack of pregnancy in woman can have 2 to 3 times of higher risk in facing ovarian cancer that pregnant woman.
• Obesity: Woman who weight more than 50 pounds have 10 times of higher risk in facing ovarian cancer.
• Early puberty: Woman who faces early puberty before 12 years of age have more risk factors for ovarian cancer.
• Late menopause: Woman who goes for menopause after 50 years of age have more chances of causing ovarian cancer.
• Family history: Family history also can be factor in causing ovarian cancer. So please be sure in taking screening tests for diagnosing of ovarian cancer.
• High estrogen level: Women who intakes high level of unopposed estrogen will increase the risk factor of causing ovarian cancer
• Using of breast cancer drugs: Tamoxifen is a kind of anti-cancer drug mostly useful in curing breast cancer. If the usage of this drug is in excess mode, then there will be increase in chances of having ovarian cancer.
• Cancers like endometrial and colon increases the chances of having ovarian cancer.
Ovarian cancer symptoms and signs:
• Abnormal bleeding of vagina
• Weight loss
• Pelvic pain
• Swelling in pelvic pain
• Pain in pelvis, abdomen and legs
• Swollen abdomen
• Nausea
• Constipation
• Fatigue
• Unusual menopause
• Urinate often
• Shortness of breath
• Abnormal bleeding of vagina
• Weight loss
• Pelvic pain
• Swelling in pelvic pain
• Pain in pelvis, abdomen and legs
• Swollen abdomen
• Nausea
• Constipation
• Fatigue
• Unusual menopause
• Urinate often
• Shortness of breath
These are the symptoms found during the developing stage of the ovarian cancer. Please be sure in taking screening test for diagnosing the severity of the disease.
Treatment methods for ovarian cancer: Surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy are best treatment methods available for treating this ovarian cancer. Depending on the severity of the cancer, your doctor describes the treatment choices.
Treatment methods for ovarian cancer: Surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy are best treatment methods available for treating this ovarian cancer. Depending on the severity of the cancer, your doctor describes the treatment choices.
Surgery: Surgery is the main therapy for curing of ovarian cancer in the early stage. This surgery process is carried by identifying the first staging of the ovarian cancer. Surgery is carried by making a long incision in the abdomen area to remove the ovarian cancer tumor. Surgery will be taken place only if the ovarian tumor located in only one part of the body. During this surgery process the damaged fallopian tubes, uterus, omentum, and lymph nodes and nearby tissues are also removed along with the ovaries. During some cases, the major portion of other infected organs will be removed for avoiding spreading of the disease throughout the body.
Radiotherapy: This treatment is based on the extent of the disease. Radiotherapy is a process of removing cancer cells by using high intensity x-rays. These high energy x-rays are aimed at the ovarian tumor to destroy the cancer cells .This process also causes damage to the normal cells for its side effects.
There are two types of radiotherapy treatments they are.
• External radiations: External radiation process is carried out from outside the body. The powerful x-ray beams are aimed at the effected area from outside the body. This process destroys the cancer causing cells permanently.
• External radiations: External radiation process is carried out from outside the body. The powerful x-ray beams are aimed at the effected area from outside the body. This process destroys the cancer causing cells permanently.
• Internal radiations: X-ray beams are passed into the body by making some small incisions in the endometruim area. This treatment gives better results than the external radiation therapy.
Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is one of the treatments useful in killing ovarian cancer causing cells by the usage of drugs. This treatment process is carried by either pills or through intravascular injections. This anti-cancer drug enters into the bloodstream and travels towards the damaged tissues and destroys the cancer cells.
Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is one of the treatments useful in killing ovarian cancer causing cells by the usage of drugs. This treatment process is carried by either pills or through intravascular injections. This anti-cancer drug enters into the bloodstream and travels towards the damaged tissues and destroys the cancer cells.
Chemotherapeutic drugs attacks the cancer cells by stopping their unusual growth. This nature of this cancer cells were brought to the normal condition by controlling the divisibility of the cells.
The chemotherapy drugs are given in the following form:
• In tablet or pill form(oral)
• By taking injection(Intravenous or intramuscular)
• Injection taking in the (Intrathecal)
• Injection directly in the abdomen vein.
• In tablet or pill form(oral)
• By taking injection(Intravenous or intramuscular)
• Injection taking in the (Intrathecal)
• Injection directly in the abdomen vein.
This cancer chemotherapy drug can be given at either clinic or at home. The usage of this drug can be daily, weekly or monthly depending on the stage of the cancer and body immune system. Chemotherapy treatment is given by considering the following basis like age, gender, drug toxicity and body weight. The dosage and usability should be carried under proper supervision.
Ovarian cancer occurs due to unusual growth of cancer cells. This cancer is referred as metastatic cancer for its effects and causes. This cancer also causes endometrial and colon cancer. This cancer can be cured only in the early stage of its occurrence. Surgery and anti-cancer drugs will be useful in treating this ovarian cancer.
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Shalini roy
Author shares information on causes, symptoms, effects, risk factors, preventions, treatments, prognosis of diseases like cancer, diabetes... (show bio)
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